Parashat Ki Teitzei Deuteronomy 21:10–25:19
Dear Friends,
This week’s Parasha, “Ki Teitzei L’milchama,” begins rather ominously with the words, “When you go to war against your enemies.” It could also be translated as “If” rather than “When” but with the perfect vision of hindsight, sadly, “when” seems to be the more accurate word.
Somehow, my expectation is always that we are going to find rules of engagement for warfare early in this portion. Instead, we get very human rules dealing with how we treat people. The rules come from a different time and place, and in retrospect may seem to be still a bit cruel or harsh, but in the context of that ancient time may actually have a real leap forward in providing at least some kindness. Perhaps this is why a spiritual interpretation of this passage turns the war into an internal struggle with our own flaws.
On the practical side, it seems that female captives were not to be raped. If a man took a “liking” to one of them, the Torah’s approach would require, at least in the actions taken, require the man to acknowledge that her old life had been, if not destroyed, been upended. The man would have to bring her into his house, but not touch her for a month. She was to be allowed to mourn for the loss of her mother and father, temporarily made less attractive. After this “cooling off” period, if the man still desired her, he could take her to be his wife. Afterwards, if he decided he did not really like her, he could not sell her off as a slave, but simply let her go.
As we look at these rules we cannot help but be struck by the implicit sexism involved in them. Yet, we also must recognize how terribly cultures up to that time must have treated their captives. At least here some modicum of protection was being offered. We also have to acknowledge the fact that the woman captive was not being given any choice in the matter. For me, this is a two-edged sword. On the one hand, we look at the idea of reining in the baser instincts of the conquering army, and on the other, see that the Torah is only a starting point, trying to move in the direction of greater understanding and human decency.
This is one reason why Jewish oral law is referred to as halacha, a way forward. Our understanding of the world changes with time. Our perceptions of what is acceptable behaviors evolve as well. Our historical experience should lead us to build on the foundations of the Torah, and move us in the direction of greater sensitivity and inclusiveness.
As we come to the end of this week and enter Shabbat, we would do well to ask ourselves, “What have we done to add to the storehouse of good in the world?” Did we in some way act in accord with the values we supposedly expose? Did we reach out to comfort another human being? Did you do some act of kindness, or simply share a smile? If yes, then this Shabbat should be one filled with Shalom. If not, then perhaps we can decide to make our next one to be a true Shabbat Shalom.
Rabbi Marv
rabbischwab@bethelsp.org